不过，情况说明并未明确双乙酸钠和脱乙酰甲壳素在大米中使用是否已经没有工艺必要，也未说明是否会对这两种添加剂在大米中的使用进行重新评估。
他特别强调：目前我们的法律法规基本上都已建立，关键是要做到有法必依、执法必严、违法必究。岳成律师表示，修正后的刑法单独列明食品安全监管部门渎职的刑事责任，意义重大。
大人想让孩子讲诚信，大人自己得先讲诚信。刑法新添食品安全渎职罪 为百姓餐桌设下最重要的屏障 2011-05-23 15:30 · 张润如 最高人民检察院日前下发通知，要求各级检察机关认真贯彻于5月1日起实施的《刑法修正案(八)》，重点查办国家机关工作人员不履行和不认真履行职责、徇私舞弊，放纵制售假冒伪劣食品、有毒有害食品等七类危害食品安全的渎职犯罪。健全食品安全综合协调机制，增强监管合力。只有政府诚信了，社会才能诚信，从而带动人人诚信。食品安全渎职罪犹如剑悬头上，如果监管人员渎职，就要追究刑事责任。
2011年5月1日开始实行的刑法修正案（八）也新增了食品安全渎职罪，最高可处10年有期徒刑。政府的诚信是最大的诚信 在最近几年频繁发生的食品安全问题中，监管不力是必然会触碰到的话题。The synthesis of a natural pain reliever could lead to an analgesic without serious side effects. Chemists have succeeded in synthesising a natural compound that shows promise as a painkiller and might not cause the side effects that bedevil analgesics currently used to treat acute and chronic conditions. Conolidine is found in the bark of the tropical flowering shrub Tabernaemontana divaricata, commonly called the pinwheel flower. The plant is native to southeast Asia, where it has long been used in traditional Chinese, Ayurvedic and Thai medicines to treat fever and pain. Picture: The pinwheel flower (Tabernaemontana divaricata) contains miniscule amounts of the pain-relieving compound conolidine. But the shrubs contain so little of the compound that pharmacologists have been unable to study its medicinal applications. Now, a team at the Scripps Research Institute in Jupiter, Florida, has made conolidine in the lab from simple starting materials, and found that it has analgesic effects. The researchers describe their findings in a paper published today in Nature Chemistry1. T. divaricata contains a range of 'alkaloid' compounds, the molecules of which have carbon-based frameworks in which the atoms are linked into several rings. Some of these have already been studied as candidate drugs, but they are opioids, belonging to the same class of compounds as morphine and hydrocone. Opioids cause serious side effects, including addiction, nausea and breathing problems. Conolidine is not an opioid, so it might offer pain relief without these complications. Steps to success However, Glenn Micalizio, a chemist at Scripps, and his colleagues did not become interested in the compound because of its pharmaceutical potential. Rather, they realized that its complex carbon skeleton was an ideal target for testing a type of reaction that they had recently devised. Although putting together the complex frameworks of natural molecules is a well developed art, each molecule poses its own unique challenges. This ring system is particularly challenging, says Micalizio. The team worked out how to make an intermediate molecule in which the shape of the carbon skeleton led to easy forging of the final link in the network of rings in other words, a structure with loose ends dangling close to one another in more or less the right configuration. The conolidine molecule has two mirror-image versions, both of which the authors made starting with the same commercially available molecule. They first converted this reagent into two mirror-image forms, which they separated using an enzyme capable of telling them apart. A further eight steps brought them to their target. Each step in a synthesis inevitably produces some side products, so not all of the starting material ends up as conolidine. But 18% of it does a respectable proportion for a complicated synthesis. Structure of conolidine. Pain drain It was only after working out how to make the molecule that Micalizio's team decided to approach Laura Bohn, a pharmacologist at Scripps, to investigate its biological effects. Although researchers had been aware of the analgesic effects of similar compounds, it hadn't previously been possible to investigate conolidine, because there wasn't enough of the compound available from the natural source for testing. It makes up just 0.00014% of the bark of T. divaricata. In trials with mice, Bohn and her colleagues established that the synthetic conolidine reduces inflammatory pain. What's more, there is evidence that it does so using a different biological pathway to opioids. Morphine and other opioids increase the activity of the locomotor centres in the brain , which control the mice's movements, by raising levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine. This seems to be related to their addictive properties. But conolidine does not affect locomotor activity, suggesting that it does not induce dopamine elevations, says Bohn. One of the goals now, she adds, is to identify just how conolidine does suppress pain. Even if conolidine proves a success in clinical trials, it remains to be seen whether Micalizio's synthesis will be the way to make it on a large scale. But, he says, we believe that this is certainly a good start. He also suspects that this won't be the only potential drug to come from the family of compounds produced by this plant.。
一个天然止痛药可能会消除疼痛并且无严重副作用。Nature：新合成药不仅缓解疼痛，而且无并发症 2011-05-24 14:47 · alen 一个天然止痛药可能会消除疼痛并且无严重副作用一个天然止痛药可能会消除疼痛并且无严重副作用。The synthesis of a natural pain reliever could lead to an analgesic without serious side effects. Chemists have succeeded in synthesising a natural compound that shows promise as a painkiller and might not cause the side effects that bedevil analgesics currently used to treat acute and chronic conditions. Conolidine is found in the bark of the tropical flowering shrub Tabernaemontana divaricata, commonly called the pinwheel flower. The plant is native to southeast Asia, where it has long been used in traditional Chinese, Ayurvedic and Thai medicines to treat fever and pain. Picture: The pinwheel flower (Tabernaemontana divaricata) contains miniscule amounts of the pain-relieving compound conolidine. But the shrubs contain so little of the compound that pharmacologists have been unable to study its medicinal applications. Now, a team at the Scripps Research Institute in Jupiter, Florida, has made conolidine in the lab from simple starting materials, and found that it has analgesic effects. The researchers describe their findings in a paper published today in Nature Chemistry1. T. divaricata contains a range of 'alkaloid' compounds, the molecules of which have carbon-based frameworks in which the atoms are linked into several rings. Some of these have already been studied as candidate drugs, but they are opioids, belonging to the same class of compounds as morphine and hydrocone. Opioids cause serious side effects, including addiction, nausea and breathing problems. Conolidine is not an opioid, so it might offer pain relief without these complications. Steps to success However, Glenn Micalizio, a chemist at Scripps, and his colleagues did not become interested in the compound because of its pharmaceutical potential. Rather, they realized that its complex carbon skeleton was an ideal target for testing a type of reaction that they had recently devised. Although putting together the complex frameworks of natural molecules is a well developed art, each molecule poses its own unique challenges. This ring system is particularly challenging, says Micalizio. The team worked out how to make an intermediate molecule in which the shape of the carbon skeleton led to easy forging of the final link in the network of rings in other words, a structure with loose ends dangling close to one another in more or less the right configuration. The conolidine molecule has two mirror-image versions, both of which the authors made starting with the same commercially available molecule. They first converted this reagent into two mirror-image forms, which they separated using an enzyme capable of telling them apart. A further eight steps brought them to their target. Each step in a synthesis inevitably produces some side products, so not all of the starting material ends up as conolidine. But 18% of it does a respectable proportion for a complicated synthesis. Structure of conolidine. Pain drain It was only after working out how to make the molecule that Micalizio's team decided to approach Laura Bohn, a pharmacologist at Scripps, to investigate its biological effects. Although researchers had been aware of the analgesic effects of similar compounds, it hadn't previously been possible to investigate conolidine, because there wasn't enough of the compound available from the natural source for testing. It makes up just 0.00014% of the bark of T. divaricata. In trials with mice, Bohn and her colleagues established that the synthetic conolidine reduces inflammatory pain. What's more, there is evidence that it does so using a different biological pathway to opioids. Morphine and other opioids increase the activity of the locomotor centres in the brain , which control the mice's movements, by raising levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine. This seems to be related to their addictive properties. But conolidine does not affect locomotor activity, suggesting that it does not induce dopamine elevations, says Bohn. One of the goals now, she adds, is to identify just how conolidine does suppress pain. Even if conolidine proves a success in clinical trials, it remains to be seen whether Micalizio's synthesis will be the way to make it on a large scale. But, he says, we believe that this is certainly a good start. He also suspects that this won't be the only potential drug to come from the family of compounds produced by this plant.。
Nature：新合成药不仅缓解疼痛，而且无并发症 2011-05-24 14:47 · alen 一个天然止痛药可能会消除疼痛并且无严重副作用中央气象台预计，25日之后长江中下游地区将以晴热少雨天气为主，这将对旱区农业生产不利。
而固城湖水体缩小及石臼湖大面积干涸，严重影响蟹塘取水换水。但由于湘北干旱持续时间较长，此次降雨雨量不大，对工程蓄水、城乡人畜饮水困难缓解作用十分有限。然而，本次降水并未从根本上缓解多地数十年一遇的旱情。中新网5月24日电 综合报道 连日来，江南、华南等地出现较大范围降雨，部分地区降暴雨，使长江中下游地区的旱情有所缓和。
据气象卫星遥感监测显示，长江干流各控制流量比常年同期偏少25%至70%，5月20日洞庭湖水体面积较去年同期减少约73%。南京石臼湖原本碧波荡漾，但如今湖底成为一片平地。气象部门分析，未来一周，湖南将重回晴热少雨天气，抗旱形势又将趋于严峻。湖北省民政厅5月23日14时23分启动了全省自然灾害救助三级应急响应，有关负责人表示，此次旱灾持续时间长，覆盖范围广，已给灾区群众生产生活造成严重影响。
分析长江中下游及华南地区降水偏少的原因，气象局专家指出，主要是今年以来，西北太平洋副热带高压较历史同期偏弱，位置偏东，同时影响中国的西南水汽通道未建立，不利于冷暖气流在江南交汇形成降水。据介绍，贵州此次强降水集中在东部及南部地区。
192个乡镇出现暴雨、19个乡镇出现大暴雨，最大降水为黔南州平塘县白龙乡的142毫米。武汉区域气候中心5月23日权威发布，5月21日20时～23日8时，湖北大部地区降下中到大雨，局部暴雨，雨情致重旱地区明显减少，全省旱情缓和。
久违甘霖使严重喊渴的湘北地区旱情暂缓。太湖每天补100多个流量，水位仍跌至历史最低。湖南省防指23日称，由于高温天气又将卷土重来，湖南抗旱形势依然严峻。受持续少雨天气影响，贵州中部以北局地旱象露头。国家减灾委、民政部5月23日紧急启动旱灾四级救灾应急响应，会同财政部派出联合工作组，分赴当前受旱灾影响较为严重的湖北、湖南两省，协助地方开展旱灾救灾工作。由于前期干旱严重，这次降雨仍难以产生径流，淮河、沂沭泗上中游地区仍无来水，长江大通来水量仍只有常年同期的54.8%，全省湖库蓄水不足的状况尚未得到有效改善。
中央气象台预计，未来一周长江中下游气象干旱区将以晴热天气为主，部分地区旱情可能持续或进一步加剧。在防止雹灾的同时，大力实施人工增雨，缓解贵州东部及南部地区旱情。
尤其是4月中旬至今，洪湖市连续一个月无有效降雨，垸内部分河流断流，农业生产受严重影响。江苏大规模人工放炮抢云增雨 田间旱情缓解 据江苏省气象局统计，截至5月22日晚22时46分，江苏全省共有7市、14个区县、15个作业点开展人工增雨作业，先后放炮增雨25次。
据洪湖湿地自然保护区管理局介绍，洪湖生态湿地恢复至少需要十年时间。今年以来，湖南降雨异常偏少，江湖水位持续走低，蓄水严重不足。
湖南省防指表示，此次降水在一定程度上缓解了湘西、湘北前期旱情，特别是土壤墒情，对局部中稻田翻耕、棉花等经济作物旱情缓解都有较好的作用。这导致湖南因旱饮水困难问题十分突出，共有82万人、15万头大牲畜喊渴。苏南地区降水量为1961年以来历史同期第一少值，全省降水量为历史同期第二少值，仅次于2001年。降水持续偏少导致江河、湖泊水位异常偏低，水体面积减少明显。
贵州省农作物受旱面积已达44.9千公顷，其中轻旱40.3千公顷，重旱2.5千公顷，干枯2.1千公顷。湖北省防办专家分析，5月21日至22日的降雨对土壤增墒、早稻返青，棉花、玉米、蔬菜等在田旱作物旱情缓解效果明显，但对中稻泡田、插秧增水作用有限。
江苏省防汛抗旱指挥部要求，各地要继续加强抗旱水源调度，储备灌溉水源，为即将到来的水稻栽插用水高峰做好准备，同时进一步细化水量分配方案，确保人民生活用水安全，保障工农业生产用水水源供给。当日，就出现全省性降水天气，淮河以南地区普降中到大雨。
目前，湖北全境仅老河口、黄梅等地局部仍为重度以上气象干旱。气象专家分析说，今年3月以来，江苏省降水持续偏少，长江、淮河流域来水普遍减少，淮河出现断流，江淮之间北部、淮北、江苏西南部地区出现特旱。
湖南省防指最新数据统计，截止到22日，湖南湘、资、沅、醴主要水文站合计水量不足350亿方，较历年同期均值偏少46%，比新中国成立以来最少年份1978年还偏少11%。在长达200多天的时间里，湖北省有66个县市的雨量为近60年气象记录最少，全省大部分地区降水量比常年同期偏少50%，北部地区偏少60%到80%，千余座水库水位跌至死水位以下，水库有效蓄水基本用完。监利县境内江、河水位也降至历史最低值，垸内河渠、塘堰多数断流干枯，水产业遭受重创，抗旱形势严峻。中央气象台：长江中下游部分地区旱情可能持续或加剧 中国气象局气候监测显示，今年1月1日至5月23日，长江中下游大部降水量较常年同期偏少3至8成，安徽、江苏、湖北、湖南、江西、浙江、上海平均降水量为1954年以来同期最少。
去年秋末以来的持续干旱已造成湖北省87个县市区的989万人受灾，5月21日至22日的降雨未能从根本上缓解旱情，气象部门预报未来十天内仍无有效降雨，灾情可能继续发展。根据江苏省水利厅分析，当前降雨有效改善了江苏土壤墒情，田作物旱情有所缓解。
贵州省各级人工影响天气部门的人工防雹和增雨作业同时进行，贵州省9个市州地54县181个点作业285次，发射人工雨弹5404发，火箭弹44枚。除鄂东南、鄂西外，全省其他大部分地区，降雨形成的径流量不大，库塘蓄水增加不明显。
受其影响，湖南洞庭湖区和山丘区局地发生了严重干旱，其中岳阳、益阳、常德环洞庭湖地区，湘西州、张家界等山丘区旱情尤为严重，局部达严重干旱等级。据湖北省民政厅通报，全省农作物受灾面积达1800万亩，其中绝收39万亩。